PSG has now claimed the prestigious trophy on 14 different times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring early on.
However, Marseille struck twice late to take a shock lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.